Ceratopsian ears

[Kayakasaurus]

I have been sculpting a Centrosaurus and was wondering about if or where I should add ears. I would imagine they would be necessary for communication. I looked online and I couldn't find any answers. So... What do you guys know about ceratopsian ears?

[stargatedalek]

I would assume the most likely option would be a small orifice, similar to birds. As for the placement however I have no idea.

[amargasaurus cazaui]

study material


3. Structure of the brain cavity and inner ear of ...Pachyrhinosaurus


http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/dbms-witmer/Downloads/2008_Witmer_and_Ridgely_Pachyrhinosaurus_brain-ear.pdf


More than you ever wanted to possibly know about ceratopsian ears.

[paleoferroequine]

   The external ear is just behind the jugal.

[Gryphoceratops]

The ear of ceratopsians would go right behind the frill near the jugal.  It is a common mistake to put them were the temporal finestra is.

[paleoferroequine]

   Hmmm.... I think it's more common to not show them at all, in particular vinyl toys and some sculpts.

Somewhat on topic:
Unnamed new horned dinosaur on display at ROM.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/dino-unearthed-new-horned-dinosaur-part-of-rom-exhibit-1.2927844